Asiatic cottons first grew wild
in East Africa. About 5000 years
ago, the people in what is now
southern cultivated cotton. The
army of Alexander the Great
first brought cotton goods into
Europe in the 300s B.C. but the
cloth was too expensive and only
the rich could afford it.
The English began
to weave cotton in the 1600s.
They imported raw cotton from
other countries bordering the
Mediterranean Sea. Later, they
imported cotton from southern
colonies in America.
In
the 1700s, English textile
manufacturers developed machines
that made it possible to spin
thread and weave cloth into
large quantities. Today, the
United States, Russia, China and
India are major producers of
cotton.
Production of cotton :
When cotton arrives at a textile
mill, several blenders feed
cotton into cleaning machines,
which mix the cotton, break it
into smaller pieces and remove
trash. The cotton is sucked
through a pipe into picking
machines. Beaters in these
machines strike the cotton
repeatedly to knock out dirt and
separate lumps of cotton into
smaller pieces.
After inspectors check the
cloth, it is passed through a
gas flame that singes the fuzz
off its surface. Boiling the
cloth in an alkaline solution
removes natural waxes, colored
substances or discolorations.
Then the cloth is bleached in
hypochlorite or peroxide. The
cloth may then pass through a
machine that prints designs on
it. Cloth intended to be solid-colored
goes through a dye bath.
This is followed by spinning
processes which do three jobs:
draft the cotton, or
reduce it to smaller structures,
straighten and
parallel the fibers and
lastly, put twist into
the yarn. The yarns are then
made into cloth by weaving,
knitting or other processes.
Cotton then goes to the
carding machine, where the
fibers are separated. Trash and
short fibers are removed. Some
cotton goes through a comber
that removes more short fibers
and makes a stronger, more
lustrous yarn.
Care of your cotton
1)
Set your washing machine to the
low setting.
2) Wash the cloth in cold water.
3) Set your iron to Medium to
iron it.
4) Do not bleach the cloth.
5) Hang to dry but do not tumble
dry.
Properties of the cotton :
1)It is soft and comfortable.
2)It wrinkles easily.
3)It absorbs perspiration
quickly.
4)It has good color retention
and is good to print on.
4)Cotton is also strong and
durable
Uses :
Cotton is used to make blouses,
shirts, singlets, shorts,
Bermudas, jackets and pants. It
can also be made into
bedspreads, pillowcases, carpets
and curtains.
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