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Country profile:
Micronesia
languages: English, Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean
President:
Emanuel
"Manny"
Mori
Federated States of Micronesia
religion: Christianity
Agro-Industry Development
Agricultural production has traditionally been
for subsistence and is based on a system of
shifting cultivation in the high islands. Staple
crops include taros, sweet potatoes, bananas,
cassavas, and breadfruit. Yams are grown on Pohnpei, Kosrae, Yap, and Fais islands. Other
vegetables, such as cucumbers, eggplant, head
cabbage, Chinese cabbage, bell peppers, green
onions, and tomatoes, are also produced. Other
fruits include mangoes, papayas, pandanus,
pineapples, lemons, and limes, with oranges and
tangerines also produced on Kosrae. The
ubiquitous coconut palm is used for a wide range
of subsistence purposes, and copra is the main
cash crop and the nation's leading export. Crop
production in 1999 included (in thousands of
tons): coconuts, 140; copra, 18; cassava, 12;
and bananas, 2. Black and white peppers were
introduced to Micronesia in 1938, but pepper
growing only began in Pohnpei (the FSM's most
important pepper-producing island) in 1960. Rich
volcanic soil and heavy rainfall make gourmet
Pohnpei peppers highly regarded.
Farming is mainly on a
subsistence level, although its importance is
diminishing. The principal agricultural crops
are coconuts, bananas, betel nuts, cassava, and
sweet potatoes. The agricultural sector
contributed 19 percent of GDP in 1996 and
engaged 27 percent of the total labor force in
1994. Exports of agricultural products
(excluding fish) accounted for 6 percent of
export earnings in 1996, while exports of marine
products accounted for 84 percent of total
export revenues in that year
Micronesia,
in
the
western
Pacific,
consists
of
some
600
islands
grouped
into
four
states:
Kosrae,
Pohnpei,
Chuuk
(Truk)
and
Yap.
Occupying
a
very
small
total
land
mass,
it
is
scattered
over
an
ocean
expanse
five
times
the
size
of
France.
Though
formally
independent,
in
1986
Micronesia
signed
a
"Compact
of
Free
Association"
with
the
US.
Under
this,
Washington
took
on
responsibility
for
defence
and
gained
the
right
to
set
up
military
bases
and
deny
other
nations
access
to
Micronesia.
In
return,
Micronesia
received
financial
assistance
averaging
$100m
per
year,
and the
right of
Micronesians
to live
and work
in the
US.
Micronesia
also
takes
its cue
from
Washington
on
foreign
policy.
A
renegotiated
20-year
compact,
worth
$3.5
billion
to
Micronesia
and the
Marshall
Islands,
was
signed
by US
President
George W
Bush in
December
2003.
Some of
the
money is
being
diverted
into
trust
funds,
intended
to
provide
a
financial
resource
for
Micronesia
after
the
compact
expires.
Despite
its
small
population
and the
large
amount
of
incoming
aid from
the US,
Japan
and
elsewhere,
Micronesia
has
relatively
high
unemployment,
a matter
compounded
by
increasing
numbers
of
Filipino
migrant
workers.
Many
Micronesians
live
without
electricity
or
running
water,
which is
in short
supply
and is
sometimes
rationed.
The gap
between
rich and
poor is
increasing
as
businessmen
and
officials
benefit
disproportionately
from US
aid
donations.
Micronesia's
biggest
challenge
is to
find a
way of
lessening
its
dependence
on
foreign
aid.
Given
the
islands'
splendid
beaches
and
scuba
diving
opportunities,
tourism
offers
one
possibility,
but this
is
constrained
by the
lack of
adequate
infrastructure
and the
islands'
remoteness.
Emanuel
"Manny"
Mori was
chosen
as the
country's
seventh
president
in May
2007,
defeating
the
incumbent
Joseph
Urusemal.
The
president
is
elected
every
four
years by
the
congress.
Mr Mori
is from
Chuuk,
the
largest
and most
populous
state in
the
four-state
federation.
He was
the
executive
vice
president
of the
Bank of
the
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
from
1997
until
his
election
as a
senator
in 1999.
Apart
from
working
as a
banker
he also
worked
in the
civil
service.
Mr Mori
is of
Japanese
descent.
He is
married
and has
four
daughters.
Micronesia
has no
daily
newspaper,
but the
federal
government
publishes
a
fortnightly
information
bulletin
and each
of the
constituent
state
governments
produces
its own
newsletter.
The
state
governments
and a
religious
organisation
operate
radio
stations,
and
cable TV
is
available
on
Pohnpei
and
Chuuk.
The
press
The
National
Union
-
fortnightly
bulletin
published
by
federal
government
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